Regional Differences in the Perception of Daylit Scenes across Europe Using Virtual Reality. Part II: Effects of Façade and Daylight Pattern Geometry

While there is a growing use of complex façade designs in contemporary architecture worldwide and across Europe, little known about the perceptual effects these façades resulting daylight patterns on occupants, or how such might differ between European latitudes. This study examines perception Europe by replicating virtual reality (VR) experiment Norway, Switzerland Greece, using mixed experimental design to jointly investigate influence different factors daylit interior space. These included: geometry (within-subject factor with four equal aperture ratio), sky type (clear high low sun angle, overcast sky), spatial context (socializing working), country (Norway, Switzerland, Greece). Results showed that, among manipulated factors, only affected studied attributes (how pleasant, interesting, exciting, calming, complex, spacious, bright space was perceived, satisfaction amount view space). Regional were observed for reported brightness, higher evaluations from participants Greece than but are difficult generalize due limitations stemming VR conduction experiments seasons (summer early fall) two countries. findings show that crucial feature our experience, inducing equivalent effects, as changes pleasantness interest, motivate further research brightness.